Implementasi Manajemen & Kewirausahaan

Green human resource management and green transformational leadership as sustainable employee performance: The mediating effect of organizational agility

2026-04-21T02:20:54SE Asia Daylight Time

Increasing sustainability demands encourage energy-intensive industrial companies to integrate environmentally oriented management and leadership practices. This study aims to analyze the effect of Green Human Resource Management and Green Transformational Leadership on Sustainable Employee Performance with Organizational Agility as a mediating variable at PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk – Tuban Plant. The research employed a causal associative quantitative approach using a survey of 104 unit leaders and Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis. The results indicate that Green Human Resource Management has no significant effect on Sustainable Employee Performance, while Green Transformational Leadership significantly affects Sustainable Employee Performance. Furthermore, both Green Human Resource Management and Green Transformational Leadership significantly influence Organizational Agility. Organizational Agility also affects Sustainable Employee Performance and mediates the relationship between the independent variables and sustainable performance. These findings highlight the importance of organizational adaptive capability in supporting sustainable employee performance within environmentally oriented manufacturing industries.

The impact of green leadership and green commitment on green performance the mediating role of green it empowerment in SMEs

2026-04-23T07:33:18SE Asia Daylight Time

This study examines the influence of Green Transformational Leadership (GTL) and Green Commitment (GC) on Green Performance (GP), with Green IT Empowerment (GITE) as a mediating mechanism, within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. Grounded in sustainability and leadership theories, the research explores how environmentally oriented leadership and organizational commitment enhance technological empowerment to improve sustainability performance in SMEs operating in a developing-country context. A quantitative explanatory design was employed, with data collected through structured questionnaires from 100 respondents across ten SMEs in Gresik, East Java, selected based on their engagement in sustainability initiatives and technology-based processes. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS to evaluate both measurement and structural models. The results indicate that GTL and GC have significant positive effects on both GITE and GP, while GITE significantly mediates the relationships between leadership, commitment, and green performance outcomes. The model explains 60.8% of the variance in GITE and 64.9% of the variance in GP, demonstrating substantial explanatory power and underscoring the pivotal role of green leadership and commitment in driving environmental performance. These findings contribute to the literature on sustainable management in SMEs within emerging economies and offer strategic implications for SME leaders and policymakers to strengthen green leadership capabilities and technology-driven empowerment initiatives to enhance long-term sustainability performance.

Employee engagement in the digital era: The role of job demands, digital HR tools, and intrinsic motivation

2026-04-23T07:34:44SE Asia Daylight Time

This study examines how Job Demands and Digital HR Tools influence Employee Engagement, with Intrinsic Motivation serving as a mediating variable, in the context of workplace digitalization at PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Tuban Plant. Drawing on Job Demands–Resources (JD–R) Theory and Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this research applies a quantitative causal design. Data were collected through an online questionnaire from 135 employees working in technology-based units and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The findings indicate that Job Demands have a positive and significant direct effect on Employee Engagement, suggesting that well-managed and meaningful demands can function as motivational challenges. In contrast, Digital HR Tools do not directly affect Employee Engagement. However, both Job Demands and Digital HR Tools significantly enhance Intrinsic Motivation, which in turn positively influences Employee Engagement. Mediation analysis shows that Intrinsic Motivation mediates the relationship between Job Demands and Employee Engagement but does not mediate the relationship between Digital HR Tools and Employee Engagement. Overall, the study highlights the importance of intrinsic motivation in translating digital work environments into sustained employee engagement and offers practical guidance for technology-based human resource strategies.

The dynamic managerial capability and transformational leadership on innovative performance through organizational change capability as a mediating role

2026-04-23T07:35:33SE Asia Daylight Time

This study is grounded in Indonesia’s positioning within global indices such as the Global Innovation Index (GII) and Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI), which reflect moderate innovation capacity typical of a developing economy. At the local level, 21 out of 49 Regional Government Organizations (OPD) in Sidoarjo Regency demonstrate a lack of sustainable innovation, underscoring the need for improved innovation performance. This research aims to examine the effects of dynamic managerial capability and transformational leadership on innovative performance, with organizational change capability as a mediating variable. Using a quantitative explanatory approach and multilevel analysis, data were collected from 49 leaders and 147 subordinates. The results indicate that dynamic managerial capability and transformational leadership significantly enhance organizational change capability and directly improve innovative performance. Moreover, organizational change capability significantly influences innovative performance and serves as a key mediating mechanism. These findings highlight that innovation in public organizations is driven not only by leadership and managerial capacity but also by the ability to adapt and implement change effectively. Practically, the study emphasizes the importance of strengthening transformational leadership, adaptive capacity, and participatory change processes to respond to evolving regulatory, technological, and societal demands, thereby improving the quality and sustainability of public service innovation.

Determinants of profitability in indonesian state- owned banks: The role of credit risk, operational efficiency, and capital adequacy

2026-04-23T07:49:39SE Asia Daylight Time

This study examines the determinants of profitability in Indonesian state-owned banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2014–2024. Profitability, measured by Return on Assets (ROA), is analyzed in relation to credit risk (Non-Performing Loans/NPL), operational efficiency (BOPO), and capital adequacy (CAR) using panel data from four major banks and multiple linear regression. The findings reveal that NPL has a positive and significant effect on ROA, indicating that well-managed credit expansion and risk-based pricing can enhance profitability. Conversely, BOPO shows a negative and significant relationship, confirming that higher operational inefficiency reduces financial performance. Meanwhile, CAR has a positive but insignificant effect, suggesting that capital strength supports stability without directly improving short-term profitability. Overall, the study underscores that operational efficiency and effective credit risk management are the primary drivers of bank profitability. These findings provide updated empirical evidence on internal performance factors in state-owned banks within a developing market context.

Job characteristics and psychological capital on organizational commitment through organizational citizenship behavior: A comparative study of generation Y and Z employees

2026-04-27T16:19:47SE Asia Daylight Time

This study aims to examine the influence of job characteristics and psychological capital on organizational commitment among Generation Y and Z employees, while also investigating the mediating role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Adopting a quantitative approach, data were collected through a survey of 200 respondents in Makassar City using purposive sampling, with measurement based on a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed באמצעות Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS 4.1. The findings reveal that job characteristics exert a positive effect on both organizational commitment and OCB, whereas psychological capital significantly influences OCB but does not have a direct effect on organizational commitment. Furthermore, OCB demonstrates a significant positive effect on organizational commitment and serves as a partial mediator in the relationships between job characteristics and organizational commitment, as well as between psychological capital and organizational commitment. The results of the PLS-MGA analysis indicate no significant differences between Generation Y and Z in the structural relationships, suggesting a convergence in work-related behavioral patterns across these generational cohorts. This study contributes to the literature by integrating job characteristics, psychological capital, and OCB within a unified framework to explain the formation of organizational commitment, highlighting the pivotal role of OCB as a behavioral mechanism in strengthening employee attachment. The findings also provide strategic implications for organizations in effectively managing a multigenerational workforce to enhance engagement and overall performance.

Moderating effect of bank size on capital adequacy and sustainable finance: Evidence from Asian banking

2026-04-27T16:37:22SE Asia Daylight Time

This study aims to examine the effect of capital adequacy on sustainable finance in Asian banks, with a particular focus on the moderating role of bank size. Using a quantitative approach and panel data drawn from annual and sustainability reports of selected banks, the analysis employs Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) to test the research hypotheses. The descriptive statistics provide an overview of the key variables, including capital adequacy ratio (CAR), sustainability performance (ESG), and bank size. The results indicate that in the baseline model, CAR and SIZE independently exert a positive and significant impact on ESG. However, when bank size is incorporated as a moderating factor, the direct effects of CAR and SIZE become negative, while the interaction term (CAR × SIZE) emerges as highly positive and statistically significant. These findings highlight that bank size does not function merely as a control variable but as a decisive moderator that strengthens the effect of capital adequacy on sustainability outcomes. Practical implications include recommendations for managers, first that regulators and policymakers should recognize that capital adequacy alone is not sufficient to ensure financial sustainability; institutional attributes such as bank size significantly influence outcomes. The regulatory framework should be designed not only to strengthen capital reserves but also to encourage economies of scale, especially in developing countries where small banks face resource constraints.

Macroeconomic Drivers of Islamic Bank Stability: Evidence from Indonesia and Saudi Arabia with Regulatory Quality as a Moderator

2026-04-27T17:12:19SE Asia Daylight Time

Banking is among the sectors most vulnerable to economic crises due to its role as a monetary policy transmission mechanism and as a financial intermediary between surplus and deficit units. Consequently, maintaining bank resilience is crucial for sustaining monetary and economic stability. This study aims to examine the effects of economic growth, inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates on bank resilience, measured by Return on Assets (ROA), with regulatory quality employed as a moderating variable. This research adopts a quantitative approach using secondary data from five Islamic commercial banks operating in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia over the period 2019–2023. Panel regression analysis is applied using EViews 12 to capture the relationship between macroeconomic variables and bank resilience across countries and over time. The empirical results indicate that economic growth has a significant negative effect on bank resilience, while interest rates have a positive and significant effect. In contrast, inflation and exchange rates do not show a significant impact on bank resilience. Furthermore, regulatory quality is found to strengthen the influence of economic growth, interest rates, and exchange rates on bank resilience, but it does not moderate the relationship between inflation and bank resilience. These findings highlight the importance of strong regulatory frameworks in enhancing the resilience of Islamic banks. The study provides practical implications for Islamic banking institutions in improving risk management strategies, particularly in responding to global economic uncertainty and macroeconomic volatility.

The role of sharia-based financing in enhancing MSME growth: Empirical evidence from BPRS in Indonesia

2026-04-27T18:13:44SE Asia Daylight Time

This study aims to analyze the impact of sharia financing instruments Mudharabah, Musyarakah, and Ijarah on the growth of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, with particular attention to differences between short-term and long-term effects.This study employs a quantitative approach using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to examine time series data from 2020 to 2024. The data were sourced from the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan/OJK) database and focus on financing disbursed by Islamic Rural Banks (Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah/BPRS) in Indonesia. The ARDL approach allows for the analysis of both short-run dynamics and long-run relationships among variables with different levels of integration. The results indicate that Mudharabah and Musyarakah financing have a negative and significant effect on MSME growth in the short term but a positive and significant effect in the long term. In contrast, Ijarah financing shows a positive and significant impact on MSME growth in both the short and long term. Furthermore, the cointegration test confirms the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between sharia financing instruments and MSME growth in Indonesia. The findings suggest that policymakers and financial regulators should strengthen institutional support and optimize the design of sharia financing schemes, particularly profit-sharing mechanisms, to enhance their effectiveness in promoting sustainable MSME growth.This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the short-term and long-term effects of multiple sharia financing instruments on MSME growth using the ARDL approach in the context of Indonesian BPRS.

The impact of implementing a digital financial management system on operational efficiency and its implications for profit optimisation

2026-04-28T02:29:01SE Asia Daylight Time

This study aims to analyse the effect of a digital financial management system on operational efficiency and its implications for profit optimisation at Evergreen Medika Clinic, Rantepao. The research employs a quantitative approach using survey methods and financial report data from the 2021–2024 period. Primary data were collected through questionnaires distributed to administrative and finance staff, whilst secondary data were obtained from the institution’s financial statements. The analytical techniques include classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and path analysis to examine the mediating role of operational efficiency. The results indicate thatthe digital financial management system has a positive and significant effect on operational efficiency and profit optimisation. Furthermore, operational efficiency is proven to mediate the relationship between the digital financial management system and profit optimisation, with the indirect effect via operational efficiency being greater than the direct effect on profit. These findings suggest that improvements in profitability occur through enhanced effectiveness and efficiency of operational processes as a result of the implementation of the digital system.

The influence of human resource quality, workload, and work environment on the performance of nurses in the blood transfusion unit

2026-04-28T02:50:42SE Asia Daylight Time

This study aims to analyse the influence of human resource quality, workload, and work environment on staff performance at the Blood Transfusion Unit of Ampana District General Hospital. The Blood Transfusion Unit plays a vital role in ensuring the availability of safe, high-quality, and timely blood supplies; therefore, staff performance is a crucial factor in supporting the quality of healthcare services. This research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. The population comprised all staff of the Blood Transfusion Unit, and a census sampling technique was applied. Data were collected via questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically multiple linear regression, to examine both partial and simultaneous effects among the variables. The results indicate that human resource quality and the work environment have a positive and significant effect on staff performance, whilst workload has a negative and significant effect on staff performance. Simultaneously, the three independent variables significantly influence staff performance. The study concludes that improving staff competence and professionalism, managing workload proportionately, and creating a conducive work environment are key factors in enhancing staff performance and the overall quality of blood transfusion services.

Digital marketing implementation using python programming for ad campaign optimization and data analysis

2026-05-04T23:47:17SE Asia Daylight Time

The use of technology in digital marketing has grown rapidly, especially in terms of data processing and analysis of advertising campaigns. Python, as a powerful programming language, offers an effective solution for optimizing digital marketing campaigns through in-depth data analysis. This research aims to explore the application of Python in digital marketing, especially in advertising campaign optimization and data analysis. Using libraries such as Pandas, Matplotlib, and NumPy, Python enables efficient processing of large data, calculating important metrics such as Cost Per Click (CPC), Cost Per Conversion (CPCo), and Return on Investment (ROI), and generating campaign performance visualizations. The results of this analysis provide deeper insights for advertisers to design more targeted and efficient strategies. Through the application of Python, advertisers can automate the data analysis process, improve calculation accuracy, and make better data-driven decisions in ad budget allocation. This research is expected to contribute to the development of more optimal data-based digital marketing strategies and analysis.

The moderation effect of capital structure on the influence of family ownership on firm value

2026-05-05T00:01:21SE Asia Daylight Time

This study aims to analyse the influence of family ownership on firm value and to examine the role of leverage as a moderating variable in this relationship. Family ownership is considered to play a crucial role in corporate control and strategic decision-making, which in turn can affect the creation of firm value. On the other hand, leverage reflects the company's funding policy, which has the potential to strengthen or weaken the influence of family ownership on firm value. This study employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from corporate financial reports. The research sample was selected using the purposive sampling method and analysed using multiple linear regression techniques with Model Hayes number 1. The results indicate that family ownership has a significant effect on firm value, and leverage is able to moderate the relationship between family ownership and firm value. The findings of this study are expected to provide a theoretical contribution to the development of corporate governance literature, as well as practical implications for management and investors in making financing and investment decisions

Beyond functionality: Digital experience quality and continuance intention through psychological restoration and time well spent

2026-05-05T00:31:40SE Asia Daylight Time

The rapid growth of video streaming services has transformed digital consumption from functionality-driven usage into experience-oriented engagement, where users increasingly seek meaningful and psychologically beneficial experiences. This study examines how digital experience quality influences continuance intention in video streaming services by emphasizing experiential outcomes rather than functional performance. Existing post-adoption research has largely focused on system quality, usefulness, and satisfaction, providing limited understanding of how experiential and well-being mechanisms sustain long-term usage in digital leisure contexts. Addressing this gap, the study conceptualizes digital experience quality as a multidimensional construct and investigates the roles of psychological restoration and time well spent as mechanisms linking experience quality to continuance intention. Data were collected from 220 active video streaming users and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that digital experience quality significantly enhances both psychological restoration and perceptions of time well spent, which subsequently increase continuance intention. Psychological restoration demonstrates a stronger influence, suggesting that users continue using streaming services primarily because experiences support mental recovery and emotional well-being. The study concludes that continuance intention in video streaming services is driven by meaningful and restorative experiences beyond functional system performance, contributing to an experience-centered understanding of sustained digital engagement

Analysis of the effect of public service obligation on return on assets, return on equity, and current ratio in subsidized state-owned enterprises for the period 2020–2024

2026-05-21T01:04:19SE Asia Daylight Time

In state-owned enterprises, balancing financial performance with public service mandates remains a critical challenge, particularly when government compensation policies directly affect corporate operations. Public Service Obligation (PSO) is designed to ensure the provision of essential services to society; however, its implications for the financial performance of state-owned enterprises require comprehensive empirical examination. This study aims to analyze the effect of Public Service Obligation (PSO) on the financial performance of subsidized State-Owned Enterprises (Badan Usaha Milik Negara/BUMN) in Indonesia during the 2020–2024 period. The research adopts a quantitative approach using secondary data collected through documentation of published annual reports and financial statements. The population consists of all BUMN receiving PSO, with purposive sampling applied to select seven enterprises that consistently received PSO and disclosed complete financial data. The study focuses on Indonesia as the research setting and examines financial performance through Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and the Current Ratio. Data analysis is conducted using descriptive analysis, simple linear regression, and hypothesis testing through t-tests and F-tests. The findings indicate that PSO exerts a significant influence on the financial performance of BUMN. PSO contributes positively to asset-based profitability and short-term liquidity, while exhibiting a negative relationship with equity-based profitability. These results highlight the inherent trade-off between public service responsibilities and financial efficiency within state-owned enterprises. The study implies that policymakers and BUMN management must design PSO compensation mechanisms that not only ensure service sustainability but also preserve financial performance, particularly capital efficiency and liquidity stability.

From authenticity to action: The mediating role of electronic word of mouth on TikTok in shaping Gen Z purchase intention toward Indonesian halal cosmetics

2026-05-21T03:19:12SE Asia Daylight Time

This study investigates how influencer characteristics on TikTok shape Generation Z’s buying behavior toward Indonesian halal cosmetics through electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM). Addressing a gap in prior work that typically evaluates authenticity, expertise, and visual appeal in isolation, we integrate these attributes in one framework and assess both direct and mediated relationships. A quantitative survey with purposive sampling targeted Gen Z users of local halal cosmetics who are active on TikTok. Data were collected via a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling, following standard procedures for evaluating measurement quality and the structural paths, including mediation. The results indicate that authenticity, expertise, and visual appeal are each positively associated with e-WOM, and that e-WOM is positively associated with buying behavior. Mediation analysis shows that e-WOM transmits the influence of authenticity, expertise, and visual appeal onto buying behavior, with authenticity and expertise emerging as particularly influential pathways. Overall, the integrated model offers moderate explanatory power and practical diagnostic value for social commerce. The study contributes to the economics and business literature by clarifying how influencer attributes are converted into consumer responses through e-WOM in a rapidly growing halal cosmetics market. Managerially, local brands should prioritize collaborations with authentic and knowledgeable influencers, support them with compelling visual content, and design campaigns that stimulate e-WOM to strengthen purchase intentions among Gen Z consumers

Strengthening public governance and macroeconomic stability as determinants of the sustainability of Indonesia’s national business climate for the 2025–2026 period

2026-05-31T01:44:02SE Asia Daylight Time

The sustainability of the national business climate is not solely influenced by the achievement of macroeconomic indicators, but is also determined by the quality of public governance, the effectiveness of fiscal policy, and institutional legitimacy. This study aims to analyze the interrelationship between anti-corruption policy reforms, regional fiscal dynamics, protection of informal labor, and financial system stability in sustaining national business activities during the 2025–2026 period. The research employs a normative qualitative approach with policy analysis based on secondary data obtained from Statistics Indonesia, Bank Indonesia, the Financial Services Authority, the Audit Board of Indonesia, and official government publications. The findings indicate that although national macroeconomic performance remains relatively stable, characterized by economic growth exceeding 5 percent and controlled inflation, structural challenges persist, including regional fiscal disparities, heightened private sector prudence, and the need to strengthen the legitimacy of public policies. This study emphasizes that the sustainability of national economic growth requires the integration of legal reforms, the strengthening of public institutions, and policy orientations that prioritize social productivity.

Analysis of customer loyalty towards purchasing multifloral Honey products

2026-06-09T04:28:04SE Asia Daylight Time

This study analyzes customer loyalty in purchasing multifloral honey across generational cohorts in the Jabodetabek area. Using a quantitative survey of 135 respondents and Customer Loyalty Index (CLI) analysis with Microsoft Excel and SPSS, the results show that overall consumers are categorized as loyal (CLI = 72.32%). Generation Y demonstrates the highest loyalty (74.83%), followed by Generation Z (71.87%), while Baby Boomers and Generation X show comparatively lower loyalty (68.32%). Despite overall loyalty, price sensitivity significantly influences repurchase intention across all generations. Younger generations exhibit stronger attitudinal loyalty, whereas older generations display behavioral loyalty but are more sensitive to price changes. The findings suggest that marketers should maintain price stability and strengthen online sales strategies while ensuring product availability in physical stores to sustain loyalty.