Religiosity and Emotional Intelligence as Predictors of Loneliness Among Inmates: A Study at Class IIB State Detention Center, Bangkalan

Abstract

The correctional institution serves as a place for the rehabilitation of inmates; however, in reality, many prisons in Indonesia are experiencing overcapacity. This condition causes state detention center (Rutan), which are supposed to provide services and care for inmates, to also function as places for inmate rehabilitation. Limited communication between inmates and their close relatives, who have traditionally been their confidants, can lead to feelings of loneliness among inmates if they cannot adapt to their environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of religiosity and emotional intelligence on the loneliness of inmates at Class IIB Bangkalan State Detention Center. This research is quantitative, employing multiple regression methods. The sample consists of 82 inmates selected using probability sampling with a random sampling technique. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires distributed to the inmates. This study utilized three measurement tools: The Centrality of Religiosity Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale, and UCLA Loneliness Scale, which included 76 statement items. Data analysis involved normality tests, linearity tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests, and multiple regression tests using IBM SPSS 27 software. The results indicate a significant effect of the independent variables (religiosity and emotional intelligence) on the dependent variable (loneliness) based on hypothesis testing results. The significance value obtained is 0.000 < 0.05. Therefore, the research hypothesis (Ha) is rejected and the null hypothesis (Ho) is accepted, indicating a significant influence of religiosity and emotional intelligence on loneliness. The determination test conducted in this study shows an R Square value of 28.3%, while the remaining 71.7% is influenced by other variables not explained in this research. Future research can be conducted with the same variables but with more specific respondent characteristics or by introducing different variables.